Computerized Tomography:

Computerized Tomography, also referred to as CT scanning or CAT scanning (Computerized Axial Tomography), is an advanced and special form of X-ray imaging. The CT machine looks like a large square or donut with a hole in the middle.  To perform the imaging procedure the patient is placed onto a table, which slides into the hole within the imaging unit.  CT scanning provides detailed two-dimensional cross sectional images of the body.  CT scanning is fast, as compared to other imaging modalities usually taking less than 30 minutes.

The CT scan provides excellent bone detail and is therefore is particularly advantageous for evaluating bony spinal stenosis, congenital or acquired narrowing of the spinal canal diameter.  The CT scan also provides viewing of tissues at angles that can help identify soft tissue pathology and mass lesions including tumors. CT is commonly used for evaluation of acute head and spine trauma as well as degenerative bone or joint conditions. A contrast agent may be administered by I.V. prior to the study to enhance the sensitivity of the evaluation process; the contrast can help in determining the size, shape, and borders of tumors, fractures and stenotic lesions. 

Like an X-ray a CT scan also works by sending an X-ray beam through the body. The information is captured, processed and is formatted in a computer with sophisticated software.  The computer can depict and reformat the tissue images at different angles.  In some cases the information may be reconstructed in three dimensions and rotated to help with surgical planning, and fracture and tumor characterization.  CT scans, like routine X-rays, studies do not provide detailed views of soft tissues such as muscles, spinal nerve roots, the spinal cord, ligaments and intervertebral discs.  Specialized types of CT imaging are listed below: